The most suitable way of sterilization of oils and fats is:

A 70-year-old man is found to have a hard mass in his prostate, which is suspected to be a carcinoma. Twenty-four hours after surgical removal of the mass, he develops fever to 39°C and has several shaking chills. Of the organisms listed, which one is LEAST likely to be involved?

A 4-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician with intense perianal itching. His mother explains that the child has also been extremely irritable during the day and has not been sleeping well at night. Eggs with a flattened side were identified by the laboratory technician from a piece of scotch tape brought in by the parent. Infection with which of the following organisms is most likely?

At a school nurse’s request, a clinic in rural South Carolina sees a 9-year-old girl who appears listless and inattentive, although hearing and visual testing has been within normal limits. The physician finds the child thin, with the “potbelly” of malnutrition, and orders a fecal exam and CBC. The CBC reveals a microcytic, hypochrornic anemia, and the fecal exam detects brown, oval nematode eggs approximately 65 microns in size, too numerous to count. What was the most likely means by which this child was infected?

A 60-year-old woman is hospitalized following a stroke and develops a highgrade fever with chills. She is catheterized due to urinary incontinence and receives cephalosporin for treatment of pneumonia. Blood cultures and Gram stain are performed by the laboratory. The organisms isolated are gram-positive cocci that are catalase-negative and capable of growth in 6.5% sodium chloride. Which of the following is the most likely causal agent?

Disease caused by which one of the following bacteria can be prevented by a toxoid vaccine?

Which of the following is most effective for sterilizing mattresses and plastic Petri plates?

Identify the term that can describe a disinfectant that can inhibit the growth of fungi:

Which of the following scientist introduced the “Sterilization” technique?

Pigs or dogs are the source of human infection by each of the following parasites EXCEPT:

Which of the following substances can sterilize?

Which of the following is commonly used in the laboratory setting to provide a measure of protection against transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Which factor has an impact on the effectiveness of a disinfectant?

Which of the following methods is useful for sterilization of antisera?

A 45-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with intense pain in her lower back and a burning sensation upon urination. A urine culture was taken and plated on MacConkey agar. Gram-negative rods that did not ferment lactose were identified. Which virulence factor of the causal agent is most important to pathogenesis?

Four weeks after his arrival from Africa, a 24-year-old graduate student presents with blood in his urine. Microscopic examination of his urine reveals the presence of eggs with terminal spines. In the interview he admits that he has been working on his family’s rice field occasionally since his early childhood. The most likely etiologic agent of his complaint is

The time in minutes at a specific temperature needed to kill a population of cells is the

Which of the following methods of infection control requires the use of an autoclave?

All of the following statements correctly describes the properties of Influenza A virus EXCEPT

Identify the term that is used to ensure surgical instruments are free from micro-organisms:

Any process that destroys the non-spore-forming contaminants on inanimate objects is:

A 27-year-old woman, after returning home from her honeymoon, has developed urinary frequency, dysuria, and urgency. Her urine is grossly bloody. Which lab data are most likely to define the causal agent?

Children at day care centers in the United States have a high rate of infection with which one of the following?

Each of the following statements concerning Strongyloides stercoralis is correct EXCEPT:

A 4-year-old girl has papular and pustular lesions on her face. The lesions are exuding a honey-colored serous fluid. You make a clinical diagnosis of impetigo. A Gram stain of the exudate reveals gram-positive cocci in chains, and a culture reveals ß-hemolytic colonies on blood agar. For which one of the following sequelae is she MOST at risk?

Each of the following parasites passes through the lung during human infection EXCEPT:

A 9-year-old child develops glomerulonephritis a week after she was treated for a sore throat. The causal agent is identified by serotyping of the

Each of the following organisms is an important cause of urinary tract infections EXCEPT:

Each of the following parasites is transmitted by eating inadequately cooked fish or seafood EXCEPT:

The mother of a 4-year-old child notes that her child is sleeping poorly and scratching his anal area. You suspect the child may have pinworms. Which one of the following is the BEST method to make that diagnosis?

All of the following are sporicidal except

Which of the following method is best to sterilize heat labile solutions?

Tyndallization is a type of

Which of the following is bactericidal?

Sharp instruments should not be sterilized by:

Which of the following items could be sterilized by dry heat sterilization?

Acute glomerulonephritis is a nonsuppurative complication that follows infection by which one of the following organisms?

Each of the following statements concerning trichinosis is correct EXCEPT:

Each of the following statements concerning hookworm infection is correct EXCEPT:

Each of the following statements concerning Ascaris lumbricoides is correct EXCEPT:

A 13-year-old boy from India was brought to the emergency room with a prolapsed rectum. Examination of the rectum reveals small worms that resemble whips attached to the mucosa. A stool sample reveals eggs that are barrel shaped, with bipolar plugs. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

The lowest temperature that kills all microorganisms in a liquid suspension in 10 minutes is known as the

Which of the following process does not kill bacterial endospores?

Which is a form of cold sterilization

Each of the following statements concerning the killing of bacteria is correct EXCEPT:

The first vaccine for human use produced using recombinant DNA technology was the:

Browne’s tube is used as indicator for efficacy of:

A 65-year-old man develops dysuria and hematuria. A Gram stain of a urine sample shows gram-negative rods. Culture of the urine on EMB agar reveals lactose-negative colonies without evidence of swarming motility. Which one of the following organisms is MOST likely to be the cause of his urinary tract infection?

Which of the following is permissible in ultrasonic cleaning?

Which of the following disinfectants acts by disrupting microbial membranes?