Normal values or reference ranges are the established ranges of laboratory test results that are considered typical for a healthy individual. These ranges vary for different tests and are based on the analysis of a large population of healthy people. When a person undergoes a blood test or other laboratory test, their results are compared to these established reference ranges to determine if the values fall within normal limits.
If the test results fall within the normal range, it indicates that the individual’s health parameters are within the expected and healthy limits. However, if the test results fall outside the reference ranges, it may indicate an underlying medical condition or health issue that requires further investigation or medical attention. Normal values are an essential tool for doctors and healthcare professionals to interpret test results and make informed medical decisions.
Table of Test and There Normal Values :
| Test Name | Conventional Units | SI Units |
|---|---|---|
| 17-Hydroxy Progesterone | Newborns: 1,000-3,000 ng/dl Babies (>24 hours): < 100 ng/dL Adult (Males): < 200 ng/dL Females: Follicular phase: 0.1 – 0.8 ng/ml Luteal phase : 0.6 – 2.3 ng/ml Ovulatory phase: 0.3 – 1.4 ng/ml Late pregnancy: 2.0 – 12 ng/ml Postmenopausal: 0.13 – 0.51 ng/ml ———– Follicular phase : < 80 ng/dL Luteal phase : < 285 ng/dL Postmenopausal: < 51 ng/dL | |
| 17-Ketosteroids (24 Hrs Urine) | Male: 10-25 mg/24 hours Male: 34-69 µmol/24 hours Female: 5-15 mg/24 hours Female: 17-52 µmol/24 hours | |
| 17-OH Progestron | Newborns: 1,000-3,000 ng/dl Babies (>24 hours): < 100 ng/dL Adult (Males): < 200 ng/dL Females: Follicular phase: 0.1 – 0.8 ng/ml Luteal phase : 0.6 – 2.3 ng/ml Ovulatory phase: 0.3 – 1.4 ng/ml Late pregnancy: 2.0 – 12 ng/ml Postmenopausal: 0.13 – 0.51 ng/ml ———– Follicular phase : < 80 ng/dL Luteal phase : < 285 ng/dL Postmenopausal: < 51 ng/dL | |
| 24 Hour Copper | 0.3-0.8 μmol/24 hours 20-50 μg/24 hours 20-80.0 ug/L Urine Volume: 800-1800 ml/24 hours | |
| 24 Hrs. Urinary Protien | < 150 mg/24 hours | |
| 25-OH Vitamin D3 | 2o-80 ng/mL | 75-250nmol/L |
| 5 HIAA (5 HYDROXYINDOIEACETIC ACID) | 2 to 9 mg/24h | 10.4 to 46.8 µmol/24h |
| A-I, females | 98–210 mg/dL | 0.98–2.1 g/L |
| A-I, Males | 88–180 mg/dL | 0.88–1.8 g/L |
| A/G Ratio | 1.0 to 2.0 | 1.0 to 2.0 |
| Abdominal Fluid For C/E | — | — |
| Abdominal Fluid For Cytology | — | — |
| Abdominal Fluid For AFB C/S | — | — |
| Abdominal Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | — | — |
| Abdominal Fluid For C/S | — | — |
| Abdominal Fluid For Gram Stain | — | — |
| Absolute Eosinophil Count | 30 to 500 cells/(µL) | 30 to 500 cells/(µL) |
| Absolute Neutrophil Count | 1500 to 8000 cells/(µL) | 1500 to 8000 cells/(µL) |
| Absolute Values/Cell Counts | Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC): 1500 to 8000 Cells/μL Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC): 1000 to 4000v Absolute Monocyte Count: 200 to 1000 Cells/μL Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC): 30 to 500 Cells/μL Absolute Basophil Count: 0 to 200 Cells/μL Absolute Platelet Count (APC): 150,000 to 450,000 Cells/μL | |
| ACE Level | < 40 nmol/mL/min | 8 to 53 IU/L |
| Acetoacetate | < 3 mg/L 5-30 µg/mL | < 0.3 mmol/L |
| Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), red blood cells | 11,188–16,698 U/L 26.7–49.2 U/g Hb | 1.72–3.17 x 106 U/mol Hb |
| ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR (ACHR) BINDING ANTIBODY | < 0.40 nmol/L | 0.02 pmol/mL |
| Acid Phosphate | 0.5–5 U/L | 8–83 nkat/L |
| ACTH | 9–52 pg/mL | 2–11 pmol/L |
| ADA levels | 40 to 130 units/L | 0.15 to 0.80 IU/L |
| Albumin (24 Hrs Urine) | < 30 mg/24h | |
| Albumin (Serum) | 3.5–5.4 g/dL | 35–54 g/L |
| Albumin (Spot Urine) | 0 to 30 mg/g | |
| Albumin / Creatinine Ratio. | 0 to 30 mg/g | |
| Aldolase(Serum) | 1 to 7.5 U/L | 0.02 to 0.13 microkat/L |
| Aldosterone | Standing: 7–20 ng/dL Supine: 2–5 ng/dL | Standing: 194–554 pmol/L Supine: 55–138 pmol/L |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | 36–150 U/L | 0.5–2.5 mckat/L |
| Alpha 1-Anti Trypsin Level | 100–273 mg/dL | 18–50 mcmol/L |
| Alpha-1 globulins | 0.2–0.4 g/dL | 2–4 g/L |
| Alpha-2 globulins | 0.5–0.9 g/dL | 5–9 g/L |
| Alpha Fetoprotein | < 20 ng/mL | < 20 mcg/L |
| Aminolevulinic acid, Delta (ALA) | 15–23 mcg/L | 1.14–1.75 mcmol/L |
| Ammonia | 40–80 mcg/dL | 23–47 mcmol/L |
| Amylase (24Hrs Urine) | 10 to 80 units/L | 2.6 to 21.2 IU/Hour |
| Amylase (Serum) | < 110 U/L | < 1.8 mckat/L |
| Amylase (Spot Urine) | 10 to 80 units/L | |
| ANA (Screening) | Negative | |
| ANA Elisa | ≤ 1.0 units | |
| ANCA – C | Negative | |
| ANCA – P | Negative | |
| Androstenidione Level | Male: 10 to 50 ng/dL Female: 1 to 8 ng/dL | Male: 0.1 to 0.5 nmol/L Female: 0.01 to 0.08 nmol/L |
| Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) | 8 to 53 IU/L | 0.13 to 0.88 µkat/L |
| Anti Cardiolipin IgG | 10 to 20 U/ml | 10 to 20 GPL U/ml |
| Anti Cardiolipin IgM | 10 to 20 U/ml | 10 to 20 MPL U/ml |
| Anti CCP | ≤ 20 units/mL | — |
| Anti Cytoplasma Abs | Negative 1: 20 | |
| ANTI D TITRE | <1:4 | |
| Anti ds DNA | < 25 IU | |
| Anti Endomyesial IgA | Negative | |
| Anti Endomyesial IgG | Negative | |
| Anti Gliadin IgA | Negative | |
| Anti Gliadin IgG | Negative | |
| Anti Gliadin IgM | Negative | |
| Anti H pylori (ICT) | Negative | |
| Anti H pylori IgA | Negative | |
| Anti H pylori IgG | Negative | |
| Anti H pylori IgM | Negative | |
| Anti HBC (Total) | Negative | |
| Anti Hbc IgG | Negative | |
| Anti Hbc IgM | Negative | |
| Anti HBe | Negative | |
| Anti HBs | Negative | |
| Anti HCV | Negative | |
| Anti HCV (Screening) | Negative | |
| Anti HDV IgM | Negative | |
| Anti HEV IgG | Negative | |
| Anti HEV IgM | Negative | |
| Anti HIV (1 & 2) | Negative | |
| Anti HIV ICT | Negative | |
| Anti Kidney Liver Microsomal Antibodies(Klm) | Negative 0 – 20 Units | |
| Anti Microsomal Ab | Negative 0.0-9.0 IU/mL | |
| Anti Mitrochondrial Antibodies | < 0.1 units | |
| Anti Mtb Antibodies (Mycodot) | Negative | |
| Anti Mullarian (AMH) | Female: 1.0 to 3.0 ng/mL Female (menopause): 0.1 to 1.0 ng/mL Male: 10.0 ng/mL | |
| Anti Phospholipid IgG | Negative <15 GPL U/mL | |
| Anti Phospholipid IgM | Negative <15 GPL U/mL | |
| Anti Scl-70 | Negative: <1.0 U/mL | |
| Anti Smooth Muscle Abs | ≤ 1:80 | |
| Anti Thrombin III | ||
| Anti Thyroglobulin Antibodies (ATG) | ||
| Anti Transglutaminase IgA | ||
| Anti Transglutaminase IgG | ||
| Antitrypsin, Alpha-1 (AAT) | 83–199 mg/dL | 15.3–36.6 mcmol/L |
| Anti-Gbm (Anti Glomerula Basement Membran) | ||
| Anti-LKM antibody | ||
| APTT | 30–40 seconds | |
| Ascitic Fluid C/E | ||
| Ascitic Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Ascitic Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Ascitic Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Ascitic Fluid For C/S | ||
| Ascitic Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Ascitic Fluid For L.D.H | ||
| Ascitic Fluid for Malignent Cells | ||
| ASO Titre | < 150 units | |
| Aspirate For C/S | ||
| B-100, females | 44–148 mg/dL | 0.44–1.48 g/L |
| B-100, Males | 55–151 mg/dL | 0.55–1.51 g/L |
| B2-Microglobulin | ||
| Barbiturates (Urine) | ||
| Basophils | 0-3% of lymphocytes | 0.0-0.03 fraction of white blood cells |
| Bence Jones Protein (Urine) | ||
| Benzodiazepines (Urine) | ||
| Beta globulins | 0.6–1.1 g/dL | 6–11 g/L |
| Beta-2 microglobulin | 0.7–1.8 mcg/mL | 0.7–1.8 mg/L |
| Beta HCG | Males: < 2.0 IU/L Females: Negative: < 5 IU/L Indeterminate: 5-25 IU/L Positive: >25 IU/L Females (Pregnant): 3 weeks: 6 – 70 IU/L 4 weeks: 10 – 750 IU/L 5 weeks: 200 – 7,100 IU/L 6 weeks: 160 – 32,000 IU/L 7 weeks: 3,700 – 160,000 IU/L 8 weeks: 32,000 – 150,000 IU/L 9 weeks: 64,000 – 150,000 IU/L 10 weeks: 47,000 – 190,000 IU/L 12 weeks: 28,000 – 210,000 IU/L 14 weeks: 14,000 – 63,000 IU/L 15 weeks: 12,000 – 71,000 IU/L 16 weeks: 9,000 – 56,000 IU/L 16 – 29 weeks (second trimester): 1,400 – 53,000 IUL 29 – 41 weeks (third trimester): 940 – 60,000 IU/L | |
| Bile Pigment | ||
| Bile Salt | ||
| Bilirubin Direct | 0–0.3 mg/dL | 0–5.1 mcmol/L |
| Bilirubin Indirect | 0.3 – 0.9 mg/dL | 5.0 – 14.6 mcmol/L |
| Bilirubin Total | 0.3–1.2 mg/dL | 5.1–20.5 mcmol/L |
| Biopsy (Extra Large) | ||
| Biopsy (Medium) | ||
| Biopsy (Small) | ||
| Biopsy Large | ||
| Biopsy Large(Fibroid) | ||
| Biopsy Large(Intestine) | ||
| Biopsy Large(Utrus) | ||
| Biopsy Medium(Lump Breast) | ||
| Biopsy Medium(Prostate) | ||
| Bleeding Time | ||
| Block For Review ( Per Block ) | ||
| Blood Cross Match | ||
| Blood Cross Match With Elisa | ||
| Blood Cross Match With Screening | ||
| Blood For C/S | ||
| Blood For C/S (Left & Right) | ||
| Blood Group & Rh Factor | ||
| Blood Group With Cross Match | ||
| Body Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Body Fluid For C/S | ||
| Body Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Body Fluid For Analysis | ||
| Body Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Body Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Bone Marrow (Slides For Review) | ||
| Bone Marrow Biopsy (Procedure) | ||
| Bronchial Washing Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Bronchial Washing For Analysis | ||
| Bronchial Washing For AFB C/S | ||
| Bronchial Washing For C/S | ||
| Bronchial Washing For Cytology. | ||
| Bronchial Wasing For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Brucella Ig G | ||
| Brucella Ig M | ||
| Brucella Test | ||
| BUN | 8–20 mg/dL | 2.9–7.1 mmol/L |
| BUN / Creatinine Ratio | ||
| C Peptide Level | 0.9–4.3 ng/mL | 297–1419 pmol/L |
| C3 | 90–180 mg/dL | 0.9–1.8 g/L |
| C4 | 10–40 mg/dL | 0.10–0.40 g/L |
| CA 125 | < 35 U/mL | < 35 kU/L |
| CA 15-3 | < 30 U/mL | < 30 kU/L |
| CA-19-9 | ||
| Calcitonin | Basal (plasma): Males: ≤19 pg/mL Females: ≤14 pg/mL Calcium infusion (2.4 mg/kg): Males: ≤190 pg/mL Females: ≤ 130 pg/mL Pentagastrin injection (0.5 mcg/kg): Males: ≤ 110 pg/mL Females: ≤ 30 pg/mL | Basal (plasma): Males: ≤19 ng/L Females: ≤14 ng/L Calcium infusion (2.4 mg/kg): Males: ≤190 ng/L Females: ≤ 130 ng/L Pentagastrin injection (0.5 mcg/kg): Males: ≤ 110 ng/L Females: ≤ 30 ng/L |
| Calcium (24 Hrs Urine) | 0-300 mg/24hr | 0.0-7.5 mmol/24hr |
| Calcium (Serum) | 9–10.5 mg/dL | 2.2–2.6 mmol/L |
| Calcium (Spot Urine) | ||
| Calcium/Creatinine Ratio | ||
| Cannabinoids(Urine) (THC) | ||
| Carbamazepine(Tegretol) | ||
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) | 23–28 mEq/L | 23–28 mmol/L |
| Carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2) | Arterial: 35–45 mm Hg Venous: 38–50 mm Hg | Arterial: 4.7–6.0 kPa Venous: 5.1–6.7 kPa |
| Carboxyhemoglobin | 0.5–5% | |
| Cardiac Enzymes | ||
| Catheter Tip For C/S | ||
| Catheter Tip/Folley`S Tip For C/S | ||
| CBC | ||
| CBC with ESR | ||
| CEA | < 3 ng/mL Patients who smoke: < 5 ng/mL | < 3 mcg/L Patients who smoke: < 5 mcg/L |
| CENP-B | ||
| Carotene | 75–300 mcg/dL | 1.4–5.6 mcmol/L |
| Ceruloplasmin | 14–40 mg/dL | 0.93–2.65 mcmol/L |
| Chicken Pox Abs | ||
| Chlamydia Test IgG | ||
| Chlamydia Test IgM | ||
| Chloride (24 Hrs. Urine) | ||
| Chloride (Serum) | 98–106 mEq/L | 98–106 mmol/L |
| Cholesterol (Total) | 150–199 mg/dL | 3.88–5.15 mmol/L |
| Citrate (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| CK MB | ||
| Clotting Time | ||
| CMV By Pcr | ||
| CMV IgG | ||
| CMV IgM | ||
| Cocaine(Urine) | ||
| Cold Agglutination Test | ||
| Conjunctival Swab Left C/S | ||
| Conjunctival Swab Righ C/S | ||
| Coombs Test (Direct) | ||
| Coombs Test (Indirect) | ||
| Copper (Serum) | 70–155 mcg/L | 11–24.3 mcmol/L |
| Corona Virus Antibody (SARS-CoV-2) | ||
| Cortisol (24 hours urine) | ||
| Cortisol (1 hour after cosyntropin) | > 18 mcg/dL and usually ≥ 8 mcg/dL above baseline | > 498 nmol/L and usually ≥ 221 nmol/L above baseline |
| Cortisol (AM) | 8–20 mcg/dL | 251–552 nmol/L |
| Cortisol (PM) | 3–13 mcg/dL | 83–359 nmol/L |
| Cortisol (Spot Urine) | ||
| COVID-19 RT PCR | ||
| COVID-19 RT PCR (Overseas) | ||
| CPK | 30–170 U/L | 0.5–2.83 mckat/L |
| Creatinine (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Creatinine (Fluid) | ||
| Creatinine (Serum) | Males: 0.7–1.2 mg/dL Females: 0.5–1.0 mg/dL | Males: 60–110 mcmol/L Females: 45–90 mcmol/L |
| Creatinine (Spot Urine) | Males: 0.8-2.4 g/day Females: 0.6-1.8 g/day | Males: 7.1-21.2 mmol/day Females: 5.3-15.9 mmol/day |
| Creatinine Clearance (24 Hrs) | ||
| Creatine kinase | Males: 60-400 units/L Females: 40-150 units/L | Males: 1.00-6.67 µkat/L Females: 0.67-2.50 µkat/L |
| CRP CRP – HS QUANTITATION | < 0.8 mg/dL < 0.2 mg/dL | < 8.0 mg/L < 2.0 mg/L |
| Cryoglobulins | ||
| CSF Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| CSF Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| CSF For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| CSF For C/E | ||
| CSF For C/S | ||
| CSF For Cytology | ||
| CSF For Measels IgG | ||
| CSF For Measels IgM | ||
| Cvp Tip For C/S | ||
| Cyclosporin Level | ||
| Cystic Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Cystic Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Cystic Fluid For C/E | ||
| Cystic Fluid For C/S | ||
| Cystic Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Cystic Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| D Dimer | ≤ 500 ng/mL | < 3 nmol/L |
| Dengue ( IgG + IgM ) ICT | ||
| Dengue IgG (Elisa) | ||
| Dengue IgM (Elisa) | ||
| Dengue Ns1 Antigen | ||
| DHEA SO4 | Males: 1.3–5.5 mg/mL Females: 0.6–3.3 mg/mL | Males: 3.5–14.9 mcmol/L Females: 1.6–8.9 mcmol/L |
| Delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) | 15–23 mcg/L | 1.14–1.75 mcmol/L |
| Digoxin | ||
| DLC | ||
| e GFR | ||
| Ear Swab For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Ear Swab For C/S | ||
| Ear Swab For Gram Stain | ||
| ENA Profile | ||
| Eosinophil Count | 0-8% of white blood cells | 0.0-0.8 fraction of white blood cells |
| ER/PR And HER 2-NEU | ||
| ER/PR Receptors | ||
| Erythropoietin | 2.6–18.5 mIU/mL | 2.6–18.5 IU/L |
| ESR | Males: 0–15 mm/hour Females: 0–20 mm/hour | Males: 0–15 mm/hour Females: 0–20 mm/hour |
| Estradiol / Estrogen | Males: 10–30 pg/mL Females: Day 1–10 of menstrual cycle: 14–27 pg/mL Day 11–20 of menstrual cycle: 14–54 pg/mL Day 21–30 of menstrual cycle: 19–40 pg/mL | Males: 37–110 pmol/L Females: Day 1–10 of menstrual cycle: 50–100 pmol/L Day 11–20 of menstrual cycle: 50–200 pmol/L Day 21–30 of menstrual cycle: 70–150 pmol/L |
| Factor I | 150–300 mg/dL | 1.5–3.5 g/L |
| Factor II | 60–150% of normal | |
| Factor VII | 60–150% of normal | |
| Factor IX Level | 60–150% of normal | |
| Factor V | 60–150% of normal | |
| FACTOR V LEIDEN | ||
| Factor VIII Level | 60–150% of normal | |
| Factor X Level | 60–150% of normal | |
| Factor Xi Level | 60–150% of normal | |
| Factor Xii Level | 60–150% of normal | |
| Factor Xiii Level | ||
| FDPs | ||
| Ferritin | Males: 30–300 ng/mL Females: 30–200 ng/mL | Males: 30–300 mcg/L Females: 30–200 mcg/L |
| Fetal Hb.Electrophoresis | ||
| Fibrinogen | 150–350 mg/dL | 1.5–3.5 g/L |
| Fluid C/E | ||
| Fluid C/S | ||
| Fluid Cytology Report | ||
| Fluid For C/S | ||
| Fluid For Analysis | ||
| Fluid for C/S | ||
| FNAC Procedure | ||
| FNAC Slids | ||
| Folic Acid (Folate Level) | RBCs: 160–855 ng/mL Serum: 2.5–20 ng/mL | RBCs: 362–1937 nmol/L Serum: 5.7–45.3 nmol/L |
| Free T3 | ||
| Free T4 | 0.9–2.4 ng/dL | 12–31 pmol/L |
| Free Testosterone | ||
| Fructosamine (glycated protein) | 200–285 mcmol/L | 200-285 mcmol/L |
| FSH | Males: 5–15 mU/mL Females: Follicular or luteal phase: 5–20 mU/mL Midcycle peak: 30–50 mU/mL Postmenopausal: > 35 mU/mL | Males: 5–15 U/L Females: Follicular or luteal phase: 5–20 U/L Midcycle peak: 30–50 U/L Postmenopausal: > 35 U/L |
| Fungal Culture | ||
| Fungus For Bronchial Washing | ||
| Fungus For Fluid | ||
| Fungus For Hair | ||
| Fungus For Nail | ||
| Fungus For Pus | ||
| Fungus For Skin Scraping | ||
| Fungus For Sputum | ||
| G6 PD Test | 5–15 U/g Hb | 0.32–0.97 mU/ mol Hb |
| Gamma globulins | 0.7–1.7 g/dL | 7–17 g/L |
| Gamma GT | Male: 8–61 U/L Female: 5–36 U/L | Male: 0.14–1.03 mckat/L Female:0.09–0.61 mckat/L |
| Gastrin Level | 0–180 pg/mL | 0–180 ng/L |
| Gauze Piece For C/S | ||
| GCT (Glucose Challange Test) | ||
| Geimsa Stain | ||
| Gene Expert MTB | ||
| Globulins | 2.5–3.5 g/dL | 25–35 g/L |
| Gram Stain | ||
| Growth Hormone | < 2 ng/mL | < 2 mcg/L |
| GTT(Glucose Tolerance Test) | ||
| Haemagglutination Test For Echinococuus | ||
| Haptoglobin | 30–200 mg/dL | 0.3–2 g/L |
| HAV IgG | ||
| HAV IgM | ||
| Hb (Hemoglobin) | Males: 14–17 g/dL Females: 12–16 g/dL | Males: 140–170 g/L Females: 120–160 g/L |
| Hb Electrophoresis (Adults) | Hb A1: 95–98% Hb A2: 2–3% Hb C: 0% Hb F: 0.8–2.0% Hb S: 0% | |
| Hb Electrophoresis ( Hb F in Childrens) | Neonate: 50–80% 1–6 months: 8% > 6 months: 1-2% | |
| HbA1c | 4.7–8.5% | — |
| HBeAg | ||
| HBsAg | ||
| HbsAg (Screening) | ||
| HBV DNA By Real-Time Pcr (Qualitative) | ||
| HBV DNA By Real-Time Pcr (Quantitative) | ||
| HCO3 | 23–28 mEq/L | 23–28 mmol/L |
| HCT | Males: 41–51% Females: 36–47% | |
| HCV BY-REAL TIME GENOTYPING | ||
| HCV RNA BY REAL-TIME PCR (QUALITATIVE) | ||
| HCV RNA BY REAL-TIME PCR (QUANTITATIVE) | ||
| HDL (Cholesterol) | ≥ 40 mg/dL | ≥ 1.04 mmol/L |
| HDV RNA By Real Time PCR (Qualitative) | ||
| HDV RNA By Real Time PCR (Quantitative) | ||
| Helicobacter pylori Antigen (Stool) | ||
| Hemosiderin (Urine) | ||
| Herpes IgG | ||
| Herpes IgM | ||
| HLA-B27 | ||
| Homocystine Level | Males: 0.54–2.16 mg/L Females: 0.40–1.89 mg/L | Males: 4–16 mcmol/L Females: 3–14 mcmol/L |
| HSV IgG | ||
| Hsv IgM | ||
| HVS For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Hvs For C/S | ||
| Hvs For Gram Stain | ||
| Hydrocele Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Hydrocele Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Hydrocele Fluid For C/S | ||
| Hydrocele Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Hydrocele Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| ICT Malaria | ||
| IgA | 70–300 mg/dL | 0.7–3.0 g/L |
| IgD | < 8 mg/dL | < 80 mg/L |
| IgE | 0.01–0.04 mg/dL | 0.1–0.4 mg/L |
| IgG | 640–1430 mg/dL | 6.4–14.3 g/L |
| IgM | 20–140 mg/dL | 0.2–1.4 g/L |
| Immunogiobulin (IgA,IgG,IgM) | ||
| INR | ||
| Insulin (Fasting) | 2.6–24.9 mcIU/mL | 15.6–149.4 pmol/L |
| Insulin Growth Factor (IgF) | ||
| Intact Parathyroid Hormone | ||
| Ionized Calcium | ||
| Iron | Males: 50–150 mcg/dL Females: 35–145 mcg/dL | Males: 9.2–27.5 mcmol/L Females: 6.4–26.5 mcmol/L |
| JAK-2V617F Mutation by PCR | ||
| Joint Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Joint Fluid C/E | ||
| Joint Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Joint Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Joint Fluid For C/S | ||
| Joint Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Ketones(Blood) | ||
| Ketones(Urine) | ||
| Knee Joint Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Knee Joint Fluid For C/S | ||
| Knee Joint Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Knee Joint Fluid For Analysis | ||
| Knee Joint Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Knee Joint Fluidd For Cytology | ||
| Lactate Level | 6–16 mg/dL | 0.67–1.8 mmol/L |
| LDH (CSF) | ||
| LDH (Fluid) | ||
| LDH (Serum) | 60–160 U/L | 1–1.67 mckat/L |
| LDH (Spot Urine) | ||
| LDL (Cholesterol) | ≤ 130 mg/dL | ≤ 3.36 mmol/L |
| LE Cell | ||
| Lead Level | Pediatric patients: < 20 mcg/dL Adult patients: < 80 mcg/dL | Pediatric patients: < 0.97 mcmol/L Adult patients: < 3.86 mcmol/L |
| Leptospiral IgG Antibodies | ||
| Leptospiral IgM Antibodies | ||
| LH | Males: 3–15 mU/mL Females: Follicular or luteal phase: 5–22 mU/mL Midcycle peak: 30–250 mU/mL Postmenopausal: > 30 mU/mL | Males: 3–15 U/L Females: Follicular or luteal phase: 5–22 U/L Midcycle peak: 30–250 U/L Postmenopausal: > 30 U/L |
| Lipase (Fluid) | ||
| Lipase (Serum) | < 95 U/L | < 1.58 mckat/L |
| Lipase (Urine) | ||
| Lipid Profile | ||
| Lipoprotein | ≤ 10 mg/dL | < 13nmol/L |
| Lithium | ||
| Liver Function Test (LFT)(with Protein & Albumin) | ||
| Lymphocytes | 16-46% of white blood cells | 0.16-0.46 fraction of white blood cells |
| Lupus Anticoagulant Abs | ||
| Magnesium (Serum) | 1.5–2.4 mg/dL | 0.62–0.99 mmol/L |
| Magnesium (Spot Urine) | ||
| Malarial Parasite | ||
| Mantoux Test / Tuberculosis / PPD | ||
| MCH | 28–32 pg | – |
| MCHC | 32–36 g/dL | 320–360 g/L |
| MCV | 80–100 fL | – |
| Measles IgG | ||
| Measles IgM | ||
| Metanephrine 24 Hours (Urine) | ||
| Metanephrines (Urine) | ||
| Microalbuminuria (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Microalbuminuria (Spot Urine) | ||
| Milk For Analysis. | ||
| Milk For Cytology | ||
| Milk For Gram Stain | ||
| Milk For Routine Examination.(RT and LT) | ||
| Milk(Leftt) For C/S | ||
| Milk(Right) For C/S | ||
| Monocytes | 4-11% of white blood cells | 0.04-0.11 fraction of white blood cells |
| Monospot | ||
| Morphine Derivatives(Urine) | ||
| MTB DNA BY REAL TIME PCR | ||
| Mycodot (IgG,IgM) Serology | ||
| Mycodot IgG | ||
| Mycodot IgG | ||
| Mycodot IgM | ||
| Mycodot IgM | ||
| Myoglobins | Males: 28–72 mcg/L Females: 25–58 mcg/L | Males: 1.6–4.1 nmol/L Females: 1.4–3.5 nmol/L |
| Nasal Screation C/S | ||
| Nasal Secretion For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Nasal Secretion For AFB C/S | ||
| Nasal Secretion For Gram Stain | ||
| Neutrophils | 45-75% of white blood cells | 0.45-0.75 fraction of white blood cells |
| NT Pro Bnp | < 100 pg/mL | < 100 ng/L |
| Opiates (Urine) | ||
| Osmolality (Serum) | 275–295 mOsm/kg H2O | 275–295 mmol/ kg H2O |
| Osmolality (Urine) | ||
| Oxalate (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Oxygen partial pressure (PO2) | Arterial: 80–100 mm Hg | 10.7–13.3 kPa |
| Pap Smear | ||
| Parathormone (PTH) | 10–65 pg/mL | 10–65 ng/L |
| Parathyroid hormone–related peptide (PTHrP) | < 2.0 pmol/L | — |
| Pericardial Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Pericardial Fluid For C/E | ||
| Pericardial Fluid For C/S | ||
| Pericardial Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Pericardial Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Pericardial Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Peripheral Blood Smears | ||
| Peritoneal Fluid C/E | ||
| Peritoneal Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Peritoneal Fluid For C/S | ||
| Peritoneal Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Peritoneal Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Peritoneal Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Ph And Reducing Substance (Stool) | ||
| pH (blood) | Arterial: 7.35–7.45 Venous: 7.32–7.43 | |
| Ph For Urine | 5.0-8.0 | 5.0-8.0 |
| Phenytoin (Dilantin) | ||
| Phosphate (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Phosphorous (Serum) | 3.0–4.5 mg/dL | 0.97–1.45 mmol/L |
| Plasma | Females: 28–43 mL/kg body wt Males: 25–44 mL/kg body wt | Females: 0.028–0.043 L/kg body wt Males: 0.025–0.044 L/kg body wt |
| Platelet Count | 150–350 x 103/mcL | 150–350 x 109/L |
Platelet life span, using chromium-51 (51Cr) | 8–12 days | |
| Pleural Fluid C/E | ||
| Pleural Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Pleural Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Pleural Fluid For C/S | ||
| Pleural Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Pleural Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Porphyrins | ≤ 1.0 mcg/dL | ≤ 10 mcg/L |
| Potassium (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Potassium (Serum) | 3.5–5.0 mEq/L | 3.5–5 mmol/L |
| Potassium (Urine) | ||
| Prealbumin (transthyretin) | 18–45 mg/dL | 180–450 mg/L |
| Pregnancy Test (URINE) | ||
| Procalcitonin(PCT) | ||
| Progesterone | < 9 years: < 20 ng/dL 10-15 years: < 20 ng/dL Adult male: 10-50 ng/dL Adult female: Follicular phase: < 50 ng/dL Luteal: 300-2500 ng/dL Postmenopausal: < 40 ng/dL Pregnant Females: First trimester: 725-4400 ng/dL Second trimester: 1950-8250 ng/dL Third trimester: 6500-22,900 ng/dL | < 9 years: < 0.7 nmol/L 10-15 years: < 0.7 nmol/L Adult male: 0.3 – 1.7 nmol/L Adult female: Follicular phase: < 1.7 nmol/L Luteal: 10.4-86.7 nmol/L Postmenopausal: < 1.4 nmol/L Pregnant Females: First trimester: 25.1-152.5 nmol/L Second trimester: 67.6-286.0 nmol/L Third trimester: 225.3-793.8 nmol/L |
| Prolactin (Level) | ||
| Prostate-specific antigen, total (PSA-T) | 0–4 ng/mL | 0–4 mcg/L |
| Prostate-specific antigen, ratio of free to total (PSA-F:PSA-T) | > 0.25 | |
| Protein (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Protein (Fluid) | ||
| Protein (Spot Urine) | ||
| Protein C | 67–131% | |
| Protein Electrophoresis | ||
| Protein Electrophorsis (Urine) | ||
| PROTEIN S | 82–144% | |
| Protein(Serum) | 6–7.8 g/dL | 60–78 g/L |
| Protein/Creatinine Ratio | ||
| Prothrombin Time (PT with INR) | ||
| PSA | ||
| PTH (Parathyroid Hormone) | ||
| PT (Prothrombin time) | 1–13 seconds | |
| Pus For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Pus For AFB C/S | ||
| Pus For C/S | ||
| Pus For Cytology | ||
| Pus For Gram Stain | ||
| Pus Swab For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Pus Swab For C/S | ||
| Pus Swab For Gram Stain | ||
| R A Factor Quantitive | < 20 IU/mL | < 20 kIU/L |
| RA Factor | ||
| RBC Count | 4.2–5.9 x 106 cells/mcL | 4.2–5.9 x 1012 cells/L |
| RBC Folate Level | ||
| RBC Morphology | ||
| RBC Osmotic Fragility | ||
| Renal Function Test | ||
| Reticulocytes | 0.5–1.5% | |
| Rh Antibodies Titre | ||
| Routine Culture For Eye Swab | ||
| RPR | ||
| Rubella IgG | ||
| Rubella IgM | ||
| Secretion For C/S | ||
| Semen For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Semen Analysis | ||
| Semen For C/S | ||
| Semen For Gram Stain | ||
| Sequestrum For C/S | ||
| Serum Electrolytes | ||
| Serum interleukin-6(IL-6) | ||
| SGOT (AST) | Male: 10-40 units/L Male: 0.17-0.67 µkat/L Female: 9-25 units/L Female: 0.15-0.42 µkat/L | |
| SGPT (ALT) | Male: 10-55 units/L Male: 0.17-0.92 µkat/L Female: 7-30 units/L Female: 0.12-0.50 µkat/L | |
| SHBG (Sex hormone binding globulin) | ||
| Slide For Review Cytology | ||
| Sodium (24 Hrs Urine)) | ||
| Sodium (Serum) | 136–145 mEq/L | 136–145 mmol/L |
| Sodium (Urine) | ||
| Specific Gravity | ||
| specimen for culture | ||
| Sputum For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Sputum For AFB C/S | ||
| Sputum For C/S | ||
| Sputum For Cytology | ||
| Sputum For Gram Stain | ||
| SS-A | ||
| Stone For C/E | ||
| Stool For C/E | ||
| Stool For C/S | ||
| Stool for Calprotectin | ||
| Stool For Clostridium Difficile Toxin | ||
| Stool For Faecal Fat | ||
| Stool For Occult Blood | ||
| Stool Ph | ||
| Sugar 1 1/2 Hrs | ||
| Sugar 1 1/2 Hrs. After 75 Grams Glucose | ||
| Sugar 1 1/2 Hrs Abf | ||
| Sugar 1 Hour After 50 Grams Glucose | ||
| Sugar 1 Hour After 75 Grams Glucose | ||
| Sugar 1 Hour Pp | ||
| Sugar 1 Hr Abf | ||
| Sugar 1/2 Hour | ||
| Sugar 1/2 Hour Abf After 50 Grams Glucose | ||
| Sugar 1/2 Hour After 75 Grams Glucose | ||
| Sugar 2 1/2 Hrs | ||
| Sugar 2 1/2 Hrs ABF | ||
| Sugar 2 Hrs ABF | ||
| Sugar 2 Hrs After 50 Grams Glucose | ||
| Sugar 2 Hrs After 75 Grams Glucose | ||
| Sugar 2 Hrs. PP | ||
| Sugar 2 Hrs.(Urine) | ||
| Sugar 3 Hrs Abf | ||
| Sugar 3 Hrs. | ||
| Sugar 4 Hrs | ||
| Sugar 5 Hrs | ||
| Sugar After 1 Hour | ||
| Sugar After 1 Hrs (Urine) | ||
| Sugar After 1-1/2 Hrs (Urine) | ||
| Sugar After 2 Hrs | ||
| Sugar After 3 Hrs | ||
| Sugar After Dinner | ||
| Sugar After Lunch | ||
| Sugar Before Dinner | ||
| Sugar Before Lunch | ||
| Sugar Fasting | 70–105 mg/dL | 3.9–5.8 mmol/L |
| Sugar Fasting (Urine) | ||
| Sugar Random | < 140 mg/dL | < 7.8 mmol/L |
| Sugar Random (Urine) | <0.05 g/dl | <0.003 mmol/L |
| Swab For C/S | ||
| Synovial Fluid C/E | ||
| Synovial Fluid For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Synovial Fluid For C/S | ||
| Synovial Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Synovial Fluid For Cytology | ||
| Synovial Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| T I B C | 250–460 mcg/dL | 45–82 mcmol/L |
| T3 | 70–195 ng/dL | 1.1–3.0 nmol/L |
| T4 | 5–12 mcg/dL | 64–155 nmol/L |
| Tacrolimus (Whole Blood) | ||
| Testosterone | Male: 300–1200 ng/dL Female: 20–75 ng/dL | Male: 10–42 nmol/L Female: 0.7–2.6 nmol/L |
| Throat Swab For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Throat Swab For C/S | ||
| Throat Swab For Gram Stain | ||
| Thrombin time | 18.5–24 seconds | |
| Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPO Ab) | ||
| Thyroid Profile (TFT) | ||
| THYROXINE LEVEL (T4) Total | 5–12 mcg/dL | 64–155 nmol/L |
| THYROXINE LEVEL (T4) Free | 0.9–2.4 ng/dL | 12–31 pmol/L |
| THYROXINE LEVEL (T4) Free index | 4-11 | |
| Tip For C/S | ||
| Tissue For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Tissue For C/S | ||
| TLC | ||
| Torch Profile IgG,IgM | ||
| Torch Profile IgM | ||
| Torch Profile(IgG) | ||
| Total Lipids | ||
| Total Protein | ||
| Toxoplasma IgG | ||
| Toxoplasma IgM | ||
| TPHA | ||
| TPHA ELISA | ||
| Transferrin | 200–360 mg/dL | 2.0–3.6 g/L |
| Transferrin Saturation | 20–50% | |
| Triglycerides (TG) | Normal: < 150 mg/dL Borderline: 150–199 mg/dL High: 200–499 mg/dL Very high: ≥ 500 mg/dL | Normal: < 1.69 mmol/L Borderline: 1.69–2.25 mmol/L High: 2.26–5.64 mmol/L Very high: > 5.65 mmol/L |
| Triiodothyronine (T3) Uptake | 25–35% | |
| Triiodothyronine (T3) Free | ||
| Triiodothyronine (T3) Total | 70–195 ng/dL | 1.1–3.0 nmol/L |
| Triple Test | ||
| Troponin-I | Females: ≤ 10 ng/L Males: ≤ 15 ng/L | <1.0 mcg/L <1.5 mcg/L |
| Troponin-T | Females: ≤ 10 ng/L Males: ≤ 15 ng/L | <1.0 mcg/L <1.5 mcg/L |
| TSH | 0.5–5.0 mcIU/mL | 0.5–5.0 mIU/L |
| T-Spot Tb Test | ||
| Typhidot IgG | ||
| Typhidot IgM | ||
| Typhidot Test(IgG,IgM) Serology | ||
| Urea (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Urea (Fluid) | ||
| Urea (Serum) | ||
| Urea (Spot Urine) | ||
| Urea / Creatinine Ratio | ||
| Uretheral Swab For C/S | ||
| Uric Acid (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Uric Acid (Fluid) | ||
| Uric Acid (Serum) | 2.5–8 mg/dL | 0.15–0.47 mmol/L |
| Uric Acid (Spot Urine) | ||
| Uric Acid / Creatinine Ratio | ||
| Urine For Cytology | ||
| Urine C/E | ||
| Urine For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Urine For AFB C/S | ||
| Urine For C/S | ||
| Urine For Cannabinoids (THC) | ||
| Urine For Reducing Substance | ||
| Urine For TLC | ||
| Urine Pergnancy Test | ||
| Urine Sugar | ||
| USG PLAIN | ||
| Valporic Acid (Epival) | ||
| Vancomycin | ||
| Varicella Zoster(Chiken Pox) IgM | ||
| VDRL | ||
| VDRL ELISA | ||
| Vit D 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol) | 25–65 pg/mL | 65–169 pmol/L |
| Vit D 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol | 15–80 ng/mL | 37–200 nmol/L |
| Vitamin B12 | 200–800 pg/mL | 148–590 pmol/L |
| Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Leukocyte | < 20 mg/dL | < 1136 mcmol/L |
| Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Total | 0.4–1.5 mg/dL | 23–85 mcmol/L |
| Vitreous Fluid For C/S | ||
| Vitreous Fluid For AFB C/S | ||
| Vitreous Fluid For Gram Stain | ||
| Vitreous For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| VLDL (Cholesterol) | ||
| VMA (24 Hrs Urine) | ||
| Von Willebrand AG Factor | ||
| WBCs Morphology | ||
| WBCs (White blood cells count) | 4.5–11 x 103 cells/mcL | 4.5–11 x 109 cells/L |
| Wound Aspirate For AFB Stain / ZN Stain | ||
| Wound Swab For C/S | ||
| Wound Swab For Gram Stain | ||
| X-RAY (Each Film) | ||
| Zinc Level | 66–110 mcg/dL | 10.1–16.8 mcmol/L |
| ZN Stain For Eye Swab (Left) | ||
| ZN Stain For Eye Swab (Right) |
Each commercial laboratory has its own set of normal values, called the Normal Range or Reference Range on your laboratory report. These values depend on the equipment or method used. Compare your results to the range shown on your lab report. Results that are out of range may not present a problem.
Your test results can be affected by several factors, including your age or biological sex, whether you are pregnant, time of day the sample was taken, active infections, stage of HIV disease, and food (some test samples should be taken after having fasted [not eaten anything] for several hours). When the normal values for persons assigned female at birth (AFAB) and persons assigned male at birth (AMAB) are different, they are indicated as F and M.
The following table compares the units used in the US with the International System of Units (SI units), a metric system used in many parts of the world. The last column, To Convert US to SI Units, is the factor for multiplying the US lab values to convert to SI units. To convert SI units to US units, divide the SI value by the conversion factor.
| mega (M): 106 or x1,000,000 | milli (m): 10-3 or ÷1,000 |
| kilo (k): 103 or x1,000 | micro (µ): 10-6 or ÷1,000,000 |
| deca or deka: 101 or x10 | nano (n): 10-9 or ÷1,000,000,000 |
| deci (d): 10-1 or ÷10 | pico (p): 10-12 or ÷1,000,000,000,000 |
TERMINOLOGY:
- Femtoliter (fL): A femtoliter (fL) is a measure of volume that is equal to one-quadrillionth of a liter. A liter is slightly larger than a quart.
- Gram (g): Some medical tests report results in grams (g). A gram (g) measures weight in the metric system. It is an amount equal to the weight of one milliliter or 16 drops of water. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- Grams per deciliter (g/dL): Some medical tests report results in grams (g) per deciliter (dL).
- A gram is equal to the weight of one milliliter or 16 drops of water. It is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A deciliter measures fluid volume equal to 1/10 of a liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart of fluid.
- Grams per liter (g/L): Some medical tests report results in grams (g) per liter (L).
- A gram is equal to the weight of one milliliter or 16 drops of water. It is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A liter is a measure of volume that is a little bigger than a quart of fluid.
- International units per liter (IU/L): An international unit is an arbitrary amount of a substance agreed upon by scientists and doctors; a liter is a measure of volume that is slightly greater than a quart.
- Some medical tests report results using international units (IU) per liter (L).
- International units per milliliter (IU/mL): An international unit is an arbitrary amount of a substance agreed upon by scientists and doctors. A milliliter is a measure of volume that is equal to one-thousandth of a liter (or slightly less than a quarter of a teaspoon).
- Some medical tests report results using international units (IU) per milliliter (mL).
- Micrograms (mcg): Some medical tests report results in micrograms (mcg). A microgram is one-millionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- Micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL): Some medical tests report results in micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL).
- A microgram is one-millionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A deciliter measures fluid volume that is 1/10 of a liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart of fluid.
- Micrograms per liter (mcg/L): Some medical tests report results in micrograms per liter (mcg/L).
- A microgram is one-millionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A liter measures fluid volume. It is a little bigger than a quart.
- Microkatals per liter (mckat/L): A microkatal is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to describe enzyme reactions. A catalyst starts or speeds up a chemical reaction. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in the body. A catalyst measures one katal if it causes a chemical reaction at one mole per second. A liter is a measure of volume that is a little more than a quart.
- Some medical tests report results using microkatals per liter (mckat/L).
- Microliter (mcL): Some medical tests report results in microliters (mcL). A microliter measures fluid volume. A microliter is one-millionth of a liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart of fluid.
- Micromoles per liter (mcmol/L): Some medical tests report results in micromoles per liter (mcmol/L).
- A mole is an amount of a substance that contains a large number (6 followed by 23 zeros) of molecules or atoms. A micromole is one-millionth of a mole.
- A liter measures fluid volume. It is a little bigger than a quart.
- Milliequivalents (mEq): Some medical tests report results in milliequivalents (mEq). An equivalent is the amount of a substance that will react with a certain number of hydrogen ions. A milliequivalent is one-thousandth of an equivalent.
- Milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L): Some medical tests report results in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
- An equivalent is the amount of a substance that will react with a certain number of hydrogen ions. A milliequivalent is one-thousandth of an equivalent.
- A liter measures fluid volume. It is a little bigger than a quart.
- Milligrams (mg): Some medical tests report results in milligrams (mg). A milligram is one-thousandth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- Milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL): Some medical tests report results in milligrams (mg) per deciliter (dL).
- A milligram is one-thousandth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A deciliter measures fluid volume that is 1/10 liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart.
- Milligrams per liter (mg/L): Some medical tests report results in milligrams per liter (mg/L).
- A milligram is one-thousandth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A liter is a little bigger than a quart of fluid.
- Milli-international units per liter (mIU/L): Some medical tests report results in milli-international units per liter (mIU/L).
- An international unit is an amount of a substance agreed upon by scientists and doctors. A milli-international unit is one-thousandth of an international unit.
- A liter measures fluid volume. It is a little bigger than a quart.
- Milliliter (mL): Some medical tests report results in milliliters (mL). A milliliter measures fluid volume. It is equal to one-thousandth of a liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart. A milliliter is also called a cubic centimeter (cc).
- Millimeter (mm): A millimeter measures length that is equal to 1/10 of a centimeter. It also equals 0.04 inch. There are 25.4 millimeters in one inch.
- Millimeters of mercury (mm Hg): Pressure is measured in millimeters (mm) of mercury (Hg). A special unit that measures pressure shows how high a column of mercury rises.
- Millimole (mmol): Some medical tests report results in millimoles (mmol). A mole is an amount of a substance that contains a large number (6 followed by 23 zeros) of molecules or atoms. A millimole is one-thousandth of a mole.
- Milliosmoles per kilogram of water (mOsm/kg water): Some medical tests report results in milliosmoles per kilogram (mOsm/kg) of water.
- An osmole is an amount of a substance that contributes to the osmotic pressure of a solution. A milliosmole is one-thousandth of an osmole.
- A kilogram is about 2.2 pounds.
- Milliunits per gram (mU/g): Some medical tests report results in milliunits per gram (mU/g).
- A unit is a standard of measurement, and a milliunit is one-thousandth of a unit.
- A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- Milliunits per liter (mU/L): Some medical tests report results in milliunits per liter (mU/L).
- A unit is a standard of measurement, and a milliunit is one-thousandth of a unit.
- A liter is a measure of volume that is a little bigger than a quart of fluid.
- Nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL): Some medical tests report results in nanograms (ng) per deciliter (dL).
- A nanogram is one-billionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A deciliter measures fluid volume that is 1/10 of a liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart.
- Nanograms per liter (ng/L): Some medical tests report results in nanograms (ng) per liter (L).
- A nanogram is one-billionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A liter is a measure of fluid volume. A liter is a little bigger than a quart of fluid.
- Nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL): Some medical tests report results in nanograms (ng) per milliliter (mL).
- A nanogram is one-billionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A milliliter measures fluid volume equal to 1/1000 liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart.
- Nanograms per milliliter per hour (ng/mL/hr): Some medical tests report results in nanograms per milliliter per hour.
- A nanogram is one-billionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A milliliter measures fluid volume equal to 1/1000 liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart.
- An hour is the time period that the amount of nanograms per milliliter is measured for.
- Nanomoles (nmol): Some medical tests report results in nanomoles (nmol). A mole is an amount of a substance that contains a large number (6 followed by 23 zeros) of molecules or atoms. A nanomole is one-billionth of a mole.
- Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L): Some medical tests report results in nanomoles (nmol) per liter (L).
- A mole is an amount of a substance that contains a large number (6 followed by 23 zeros) of molecules or atoms. A nanomole is one-billionth of a mole.
- A liter measures fluid volume. It is a little bigger than a quart.
- Picogram (pg): Some medical tests report results in picograms (pg). A picogram is one-trillionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- Picograms per milliliter (pg/mL): Some medical tests report results in picograms per milliliter (pg/mL).
- A picogram is one-trillionth of a gram. A gram is about 1/30 of an ounce.
- A milliliter measures fluid volume equal to one-thousandth of a liter. A liter is a little bigger than a quart.
- Picomoles per liter (pmol/L): Some medical tests report results in picomoles per liter (pmol/L).
- A mole is an amount of a substance that contains a large number (6 followed by 23 zeros) of molecules or atoms. A picomole is one-trillionth of a mole.
- A liter measures fluid volume. It is a little bigger than a quart.
- Titers: Some lab tests (especially antibody and antigen tests) report results in titers. A titer is a measure of how much the sample can be diluted before the antibodies or antigens can no longer be detected.
- A titer of 1 to 8 (1:8) means that antibodies or antigens can still be found when 1 part of the blood sample is diluted by 8 parts of a salt solution (saline), but they can no longer be found at a dilution of 1 to 16 (1:16). A larger second number means there are more antibodies or antigens in the sample. So a titer of 1 to 128 (1:128) means more antibodies or antigens in the sample than a titer of 1 to 32 (1:32).
- Units per liter (U/L): The results of some medical tests are reported in units per liter (U/L).
- A unit is an arbitrary amount agreed upon by scientists and doctors.
- A liter is a measure of volume that is slightly larger than a quart.
- A kilo unit is one thousand units. It is written kU/L. Some medical tests are reported using this standard international unit (SI unit).
- Units per milliliter (U/mL): The results of some medical tests are reported in units per milliliter (U/mL).
- A unit is an arbitrary amount agreed upon by scientists and doctors.
- A milliliter is a unit of fluid volume equal to one-thousandth of a liter. A liter is slightly larger than a quart.
Possible References Used
