Master Urinalysis Chemical for your laboratory certification exam with our comprehensive collection of 94 multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Focused exclusively on Urinalysis Chemical Examination, these practice questions align with the latest syllabi of ASCP MLS, AMT MLT/MT, AIMS, CSMLS, IBMS, HAAD/DOH, DHA, and MOH exams. Each MCQ includes detailed explanations and references to reinforce key concepts. Sharpen your critical thinking, identify knowledge gaps, and build speed with exam-style questions—all for free. Ideal for targeted revision!
94 MCQs (829-922):
- Which urine reagent strip test detects acetoacetic acid primarily?
a) Glucose
b) Ketones
c) Protein
d) Bilirubin - What is the principle of the reagent strip test for blood in urine?
a) Oxidation of chromogen by peroxidase
b) Reduction of peroxide
c) Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin
d) Enzymatic hydrolysis - Which substance can cause a false positive ketone test?
a) Acetone
b) Beta-hydroxybutyrate
c) Phthalein dyes
d) Ascorbic acid - A false negative result for urine glucose is most commonly due to:
a) Bacterial contamination
b) Low specific gravity
c) High ascorbic acid concentration
d) Elevated ketones - Which urinary constituent gives a positive test with the nitrite pad?
a) White blood cells
b) Gram-positive bacteria
c) Gram-negative bacteria
d) Crystals - Which reagent strip test is based on the diazo reaction?
a) Ketones
b) Urobilinogen
c) Blood
d) Glucose - What is the reagent strip test for protein primarily sensitive to?
a) Albumin
b) Globulin
c) Bence-Jones protein
d) Mucin - Which test pad uses the double indicator system?
a) Glucose
b) Blood
c) pH
d) Ketone - A positive leukocyte esterase test indicates the presence of:
a) Erythrocytes
b) Nitrite
c) Bacteria
d) White blood cells - A false negative bilirubin test can result from:
a) Phenazopyridine
b) Exposure to light
c) Proteinuria
d) Hematuria - What condition will result in a positive glucose and ketone strip test?
a) Diabetes mellitus
b) Hepatitis
c) Urinary tract infection
d) Starvation - Which condition is most likely associated with a positive blood test on urine reagent strip without RBCs on microscopy?
a) Hematuria
b) Hemoglobinuria
c) Myoglobinuria
d) Pyuria - Which of the following can interfere with the nitrite test?
a) High vitamin C
b) Low dietary nitrate
c) Short bladder incubation
d) All of the above - What confirms the presence of reducing sugars in urine when the glucose test is negative?
a) Ictotest
b) Acetest
c) Clinitest
d) SSA test - Which reagent pad test is most affected by high urine specific gravity?
a) Glucose
b) Ketone
c) Protein
d) Bilirubin - Which test confirms a positive urine protein result?
a) Acetest
b) Clinitest
c) Ictotest
d) Sulfosalicylic acid test (SSA) - What would cause a false positive protein result on the reagent strip?
a) Acidic urine
b) Alkaline urine
c) Cold temperature
d) Light exposure - Which compound gives a red-orange color in the Multistix urobilinogen test?
a) Erlich’s aldehyde reagent
b) Sodium nitroprusside
c) Tetramethylbenzidine
d) Ortho-toluidine - Which of the following is detected by the diazo reaction on urine test strips?
a) Ketones
b) Bilirubin
c) Glucose
d) Protein - Which of these interferes with the accuracy of urine bilirubin testing?
a) Bacteria
b) Protein
c) Light exposure
d) Low pH - Which form of ketone is not measured by standard reagent strip tests?
a) Acetone
b) Acetoacetic acid
c) β-hydroxybutyrate
d) None of the above - What color change indicates a positive blood result on a reagent strip?
a) Orange to blue
b) Yellow to green
c) Yellow to blue-green
d) Red to brown - The main reagent used for glucose testing on reagent strips is:
a) Sodium nitroprusside
b) Tetramethylbenzidine
c) Glucose oxidase
d) Ehrlich’s reagent - A positive leukocyte esterase test with a negative nitrite test may suggest:
a) No infection
b) Gram-positive infection
c) Gram-negative infection
d) Renal failure - The chemical principle of the protein reagent strip is based on:
a) Protein-copper complex
b) Dye-binding to protein
c) Barium precipitation
d) Enzymatic cleavage - What interferes with accurate glucose detection on urine reagent strips?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Ascorbic acid
c) Creatinine
d) High pH - Which test is least affected by contamination from vaginal discharge?
a) Protein
b) Ketone
c) Blood
d) pH - Which test pad changes color due to a double indicator system?
a) Ketone
b) pH
c) Protein
d) Bilirubin - A positive nitrite test depends on:
a) Bacterial conversion of nitrate
b) Protein breakdown
c) Urobilinogen reduction
d) pH elevation - The sensitivity of the leukocyte esterase test increases when combined with:
a) Protein
b) Nitrite
c) pH
d) Blood - A positive bilirubin test with negative urobilinogen suggests:
a) Normal liver function
b) Hemolytic disease
c) Obstructive jaundice
d) Acute renal failure - What causes false positive nitrite test?
a) Ascorbic acid
b) Bacterial contamination
c) Low nitrate diet
d) Short bladder incubation - False negatives in the blood test may result from:
a) Alkaline urine
b) Dilute urine
c) High specific gravity
d) Strong oxidizing agents - What is detected by the Ictotest but may be missed by strip testing?
a) Urobilinogen
b) Blood
c) Bilirubin
d) Ketones - Which of the following does not produce a positive nitrite test?
a) E. coli
b) Klebsiella
c) Pseudomonas
d) Enterococcus - A positive glucose test with a normal blood glucose indicates:
a) Renal threshold exceeded
b) Diabetes insipidus
c) Renal glycosuria
d) High intake of sugar - The SSA test detects:
a) Glucose
b) Bilirubin
c) All types of protein
d) Ketones - Which of the following urine test pads is most specific for albumin?
a) SSA test
b) Protein reagent strip
c) Clinitest
d) Ictotest - False positive protein results may occur in the presence of:
a) High glucose
b) High specific gravity
c) Highly alkaline urine
d) Low temperature - Which of the following best confirms presence of ketones?
a) Ictotest
b) SSA test
c) Acetest
d) Clinitest - What is the chemical principle of nitrite test?
a) Reduction of nitrate
b) Diazotization reaction
c) Peroxidase activity
d) Glucose oxidation - What does a red-orange color change in Clinitest suggest?
a) Urobilinogen
b) Reducing substances
c) Ketones
d) Protein - Which of the following reagents is used in the SSA test?
a) Sulfosalicylic acid
b) Sodium nitroprusside
c) Acetic acid
d) Hydrochloric acid - A positive protein test with a negative SSA test may indicate:
a) Bence-Jones proteins
b) Non-protein error
c) False positive reagent strip
d) Hematuria - Which is most sensitive for detecting small amounts of bilirubin?
a) Multistix strip
b) Acetest
c) SSA test
d) Ictotest - Which test would best identify albumin in dilute urine?
a) Clinitest
b) SSA test
c) Ictotest
d) Reagent strip - In which condition are both ketones and glucose typically elevated?
a) Liver cirrhosis
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Acute nephritis
d) Bacterial UTI - What is the first step when processing a timed urine specimen for quantitative analysis?
a) Subculture for bacteria
b) Add preservative
c) Screen for albumin
d) Measure and record total volume - Falsely low urobilinogen results may occur if urine is:
a) Neutralized to pH 7
b) Exposed to light
c) Stored at room temperature
d) Collected in sterile containers - Which urine analyte is most affected by prolonged light exposure?
a) pH
b) Protein
c) Ketones
d) Bilirubin - A urine sample stored unrefrigerated shows decreased levels after 4 hours. Which analyte is most likely affected?
a) Protein
b) Glucose
c) Ketones
d) Nitrite - Leaving urine at room temperature for 3 hours primarily affects:
a) pH
b) Protein
c) Occult blood
d) Specific gravity
- False-positive glucose reagent strips may occur with:
a) Bleach
b) Lactose
c) Galactose
d) Ascorbic acid - The confirmatory test for urinary ketones uses:
a) SSA
b) Ictotest
c) Acetest
d) Clinitest - False-positive occult blood results may be caused by:
a) Bleach
b) Protein
c) Hemoglobin
d) Ascorbic acid - A falsely low urine protein reading may occur in:
a) Albumin-rich samples
b) Mucus-containing samples
c) Concentrated urine
d) Dilute urine - Urine pH reflects the concentration of free:
a) Sodium ions
b) Hydrogen ions
c) Calcium ions
d) Magnesium ions - Urine pH increases at room temperature due to bacterial production of:
a) Nitrite
b) Urease
c) Esterase
d) Nitrate - Urine reagent strips should be stored:
a) Frozen (−20°C)
b) Refrigerated (5°C)
c) At room temperature (20°C)
d) In an incubator (37°C) - The reagent strip protein test relies on:
a) Copper sulfate reduction
b) Protein error of indicators
c) Ehrlich reaction
d) Double enzyme reaction - The protein reagent pad is most sensitive to:
a) Albumin
b) Hemoglobin
c) Paraproteins
d) Mucoproteins - High-dose vitamin C may cause false negatives for:
a) pH
b) Ketones
c) Bilirubin
d) Specific gravity - The ketones reagent pad contains:
a) p-Arsanilic acid
b) Acetoacetic acid
c) Ehrlich reagent
d) Sodium nitroprusside - In tablet ketone tests, acetone reactivity is enhanced by:
a) Lactose
b) Galactose
c) Ascorbic acid
d) Glacial acetic acid - A diazonium salt-based reagent pad detects:
a) Bilirubin
b) Ketones
c) Hemoglobin
d) Urobilinogen - High concentrations of this substance may cause false-negative leukocyte esterase results:
a) Lactose
b) Protein
c) Ketones
d) Bilirubin - Urobilinogen reagent strips use:
a) p-Arsanilic acid
b) Sodium nitroprusside
c) Diazotized dichloroaniline
d) p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde - False-positive protein results may occur in:
a) Glucose-rich urine
b) X-ray contrast media
c) Bence Jones proteins
d) Highly alkaline urine - Urine ketones are likely in patients with:
a) Proteinuria
b) Anorexia nervosa
c) Glucosuria
d) Bilirubinuria - Ketones in a 2-year-old’s urine suggest:
a) Prolonged vomiting
b) Hemolytic event
c) UTI
d) Biliary obstruction - Positive bilirubin with normal urobilinogen indicates:
a) Hemolytic disease
b) Biliary obstruction
c) Hepatic disease
d) UTI - Elevated urobilinogen with negative bilirubin suggests:
a) Gallstones
b) Viral hepatitis
c) Hemolytic anemia
d) Liver cirrhosis - Negative occult blood with visible RBCs may be due to:
a) Bleach
b) Vitamin C
c) Salicylates
d) Hemoglobin - Microalbumin reagent strips use:
a) Diazonium salt
b) Protein error
c) Immunochemical reaction
d) p-Arsanilic acid - To assess hydration/renal function, measure:
a) Creatinine
b) Hydrogen
c) Sodium
d) Glucose - The pH reagent pad contains:
a) Diazotized dichloroaniline
b) Methyl red and bromthymol blue
c) Glucose oxidase
d) Tetrabromphenol blue - To confirm bilirubin, use:
a) Acetest
b) Clinitest
c) Ictotest
d) Guaiac test - Red-brown urine with positive occult blood but no RBCs suggests:
a) Nitrates
b) Pyridium
c) Porphyrins
d) Myoglobin - Glucose oxidase/peroxidase reaction measures:
a) pH
b) Nitrites
c) Glucose
d) Ketones - A pink color on Ictotest mat indicates:
a) Invalid
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Nonreactive - Dark purple Ictotest mat indicates:
a) Protein
b) Glucose
c) Ketones
d) Bilirubin - Falsely low glucose results may occur with:
a) Bleach
b) Galactose
c) Ascorbic acid
d) Hydrogen peroxide - Dark purple Acetest tablet indicates:
a) Protein
b) Glucose
c) Ketones
d) Bilirubin - A negative glucose strip in an infant warrants checking for:
a) Glucose
b) Galactose
c) Bilirubin
d) Ketones - Recurrent UTIs are best supported by positive:
a) Glucose
b) Occult blood
c) Urobilinogen
d) Leukocyte esterase - Orange occult blood pad with green spots suggests:
a) Myoglobin
b) Intact RBCs
c) Hemoglobin
d) Ascorbic acid - Positive occult blood without RBCs indicates:
a) Oliguria
b) Hematuria
c) Hemoglobinuria
d) Hemosiderinuria - Negative nitrite with bacteria on microscopy may be due to:
a) Non-nitrate-reducing organisms
b) Unmixed specimen
c) Oxidizing detergents
d) Delayed testing - Hemoglobin/myoglobin yields positive:
a) Protein
b) Ketones
c) Occult blood
d) Leukocyte esterase - Uric acid crystals with pH 8.5 suggest:
a) Questionable pH result
b) Protein error
c) Glucose interference
d) SG discrepancy - False-negative nitrite results occur if urine:
a) Contains nitrate-reducers
b) Has skin flora
c) Has cleaning agents
d) Lacks bladder incubation time - Nitrite testing is most useful with:
a) pH
b) Occult blood
c) Specific gravity
d) Leukocyte esterase - Leukocyte esterase is negative for:
a) Monocytes
b) Eosinophils
c) Lymphocytes
d) Neutrophils - Ketone reagent strips primarily detect:
a) Acetone
b) Cholesterol
c) Acetoacetic acid
d) Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
Answer Key
Answer Key:
- b) Ketones
- c) Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin
- c) Phthalein dyes
- c) High ascorbic acid concentration
- c) Gram-negative bacteria
- b) Urobilinogen
- a) Albumin
- c) pH
- d) White blood cells
- b) Exposure to light
- c) β-hydroxybutyrate
- c) Yellow to blue-green
- c) Glucose oxidase
- b) Gram-positive infection
- b) Dye-binding to protein
- b) Ascorbic acid
- b) Ketone
- b) pH
- a) Bacterial conversion of nitrate
- b) Nitrite
- b) Diazotization reaction
- b) Reducing substances
- a) Sulfosalicylic acid
- c) False positive reagent strip
- d) Ictotest
- b) SSA test
- b) Diabetes mellitus
- d) Measure and record total volume
- b) Exposed to light
- d) Bilirubin
- a) Albumin
- c) Bilirubin
- d) Sodium nitroprusside
- d) Glacial acetic acid
- a) Bilirubin
- b) Protein
- d) p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
- d) Highly alkaline urine
- b) Anorexia nervosa
- a) Prolonged vomiting
- d) Bilirubin
- c) Ascorbic acid
- c) Ketones
- b) Galactose
- d) Leukocyte esterase
- b) Intact RBCs
- c) Hemoglobinuria
- a) Non-nitrate-reducing organisms
- c) Occult blood
- a) Questionable pH result
- a) Diabetes mellitus
- c) Myoglobinuria
- d) All of the above
- c) Clinitest
- c) Protein
- d) Sulfosalicylic acid test (SSA)
- b) Alkaline urine
- a) Erlich’s aldehyde reagent
- b) Bilirubin
- c) Light exposure
- c) Obstructive jaundice
- b) Bacterial contamination
- b) Dilute urine
- c) Bilirubin
- d) Enterococcus
- c) Renal glycosuria
- c) All types of protein
- b) Protein reagent strip
- c) Highly alkaline urine
- c) Acetest
- b) Glucose
- a) pH
- a) Bleach
- c) Acetest
- a) Bleach
- d) Dilute urine
- b) Hydrogen ions
- b) Urease
- c) At room temperature (20°C)
- b) Protein error of indicators
- b) Biliary obstruction
- c) Hemolytic anemia
- b) Vitamin C
- c) Immunochemical reaction
- a) Creatinine
- b) Methyl red and bromthymol blue
- c) Ictotest
- d) Myoglobin
- c) Glucose
- b) Positive
- d) Lacks bladder incubation time
- d) Leukocyte esterase
- c) Lymphocytes
- c) Acetoacetic acid
Top 8 Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) Exams:
Top 8 Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) Exams that are recognized globally and can help professionals validate their credentials and enhance their career opportunities:
1. ASCP – American Society for Clinical Pathology (USA)
- Exam Name: MLS(ASCP)
- Eligibility: Bachelor’s degree with clinical laboratory experience.
- Global Recognition: High
- Purpose: Certifies Medical Laboratory Scientists in the United States and internationally.
2. AMT – American Medical Technologists (USA)
- Exam Name: MLT(AMT) or MT(AMT)
- Eligibility: Academic and/or work experience in medical laboratory technology.
- Global Recognition: Moderate
- Purpose: Credentialing for medical technologists and technicians.
3. AIMS – Australian Institute of Medical and Clinical Scientists
- Exam Name: AIMS Certification Exam
- Eligibility: Assessment of qualifications and work experience.
- Recognition: Required for practice in Australia.
- Purpose: Certification and registration in Australia.
4. CSMLS – Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science
- Exam Name: CSMLS General or Subject-specific Exams
- Eligibility: Graduation from a CSMLS-accredited program or equivalent.
- Recognition: Canada
- Purpose: Entry-to-practice certification in Canada.
5. IBMS – Institute of Biomedical Science (UK)
- Exam Name: Registration and Specialist Portfolio Assessment
- Eligibility: Accredited degree and lab experience.
- Recognition: UK and some Commonwealth countries.
- Purpose: Biomedical Scientist registration with the HCPC (UK).
6. HAAD / DOH – Department of Health, Abu Dhabi (UAE)
- Exam Name: DOH/HAAD License Exam
- Eligibility: Degree in medical laboratory science and experience.
- Recognition: UAE (Abu Dhabi)
- Purpose: Licensure for medical laboratory practice in Abu Dhabi.
7. DHA – Dubai Health Authority (UAE)
- Exam Name: DHA License Exam for Medical Laboratory Technologists
- Eligibility: Relevant degree and experience.
- Recognition: Dubai, UAE
- Purpose: Professional license for clinical laboratory practice in Dubai.
8. MOH – Ministry of Health (Gulf Countries like UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait)
- Exam Name: MOH License Exam
- Eligibility: BSc/Diploma in Medical Laboratory + experience.
- Recognition: Varies by country.
- Purpose: Required for practicing in public and private sector labs.
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